Cushions piston about the upstroke, removing the need for shock absorbers. Enhances the piston down stroke drive. We've got measured experimentally and analyzed theoretically the Ti 2p X-ray photoemission spectra (XPS) plus the resonant enhancement of valence photoemissionat the Ti 2p threshold for Ti2O3. Idea of many-overall body effects in https://okada4dsg.com/