PCEs are adsorbed on to the surface of cement particles through their negatively billed anchoring groups (for example carboxyl groups) to kind a thicker adsorption layer, producing electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance, thereby enhancing the flowability of the cement slurry. Lignosulfonates or sulfonated lignins are water-soluble anionic polyelectrolyte polymers, they https://spherical-niobium-powder31974.tnpwiki.com/7142757/details_fiction_and_polycarboxylate_ether_superplasticizer